写文章的步骤 读后续写技巧之八步成文法 附超全素材
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兴宁市齐昌中学彭庆萍转载于 教学考试研究院高中英语研究中心【题型分析与写作方法】
题型解析：
读后续写是写作的一种新题型，顾名思义就是我们在阅读一篇还未写完的文章之后，按照语段所给的开头写出两个语段（约150词），从而把这篇文章未写完的部分补充完整，使之浑然一体。
读后续写不仅要求考生准确使用词汇和语言框架，会合理润色语言，更重要的是，它还要求考生能够明白应该如何整理续写内容，以使得其形成和前文统一连贯的、能够表述完整信息的表达内容。
应该说，这种题型是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁，它不仅考查了考生在阅读文章的基础上分析文章逻辑的能力，又考查了考生的创造力、想象力，以及运用准确丰富的语言进行表达的能力。
解题方法：
下面是读后续写类作文的写作步骤：
1.读文
精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如，是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索，这样有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜”完成续写。确定文章体裁和主要内容（话题）。注意文中的关键词，也就是故事中的时间、地点、人物和事件等信息。
2.审题
仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生才能做到“心中有数”。
3.谋段
在读文、审题的基础上，先仔细阅读续写部分所给出的两段段首文字，再构思这两段要写的段落大意。根据原文情节确定好段落大意，找出每一段的写作要点，然后再补充相关细节和常识，这两段加起来要能写出10到15个句子，以满足续写词数的要求。
4.初写
拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性及语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。写作时要注意，所用的人称和时态要与原材料一致。
5.定稿
完成初稿后，考生需先结合原材料中故事线索读一读自己续写的内容，既要确保所写内容没有与原材料相矛盾的地方，又要保证内容上前后连贯，语句通顺；然后润色续写部分，可使用高分单词或短语，运用各种从句、介词短语结构、非谓语动词等高级表达，合理添加过渡词；最后誉写文字，这个过程考生务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。
【万能模板之读后续写“八步走”】
1.情绪——情绪描写。从原材料中体会作者相应情绪，借助情绪的延续，以此为衔接，续写。
2.细节—–进一步描述。
4.转机—–事情似乎有了转机，让人抱有希望，心理能感到安慰。
5.失望—-问题仍然没有解决或者又出现了新的问题。
6.想法—-面对没有解决的问题或者新问题，突然有了想法或感触。
7.结局—–在想法或感触的影响下，事情有了最后的转折/转机。
8.点题—–呼应前文
备注：这八步不是固定的，考生可以根据自己的想法打乱部分顺序，也可以略写个别环节。此步骤，可让续写有话可说，让情节续写跌宕起伏，前提是要读懂原材料的中心，抓住文章脉络。
【模板范文】
前文提要：在我小的时候，我的家里有一个传统：在万圣节进行雕刻南瓜比赛。我很想赢得比赛，于是每年都选择一个很大的南瓜。有一年，我在雕刻南瓜的时候不小心把头卡在了南瓜里。
I was stuck for five or six it felt much . My head span as if . At my wit's end, I felt a stab of fear.（“我”的情绪：慌张、无奈）“Don'! Papa,Papa,we need your help,” Jason . In time over came my .（借助外界帮助） my neck and back with while Jason / down the .（一系列动作描写）It didn't work, . （问题未解决）“Why not tear the ?” rang out 's voice. （新 想 法） In a split , a creak broke out , by a ray of light, which I hadn't seen for ages. （问题得到解决）But what didI see? My was all the way. （衔接句）
That video was the .To my , soon my by a sea of likes, my with . （衔接句）My big and my sore chin ' topic. A as I was,a wave up . （细节描写之我的心情）Then a good idea my mind. （想法）“Isn't it a good idea to share to the ? ” I told Jason, with joy.（做法，为结局做铺垫）“! Let's call it 's . “Jason . （Jason的反应，照应开头）
【高分素材之单词和短语】
1.情绪描写＆2.细节描写：
哭：（嚎哭），sob,weep,burst into tears,burst out . （one's eyes）brim with/be with tears
害怕：,,,,in（a）panic,in a cold sweat,be with , to the spot,,one's knees feel weak, （hands）sweat
高兴、激动：（动词）dance,jump/leap with joy, feel a surge of joy/,, with / /joy/, （one's eyes）,（one's heart） beat/;
（形容词）,,,,wild with joy
伤心、痛苦:feel a surge of ,（）surge sb. ,one's heart ache,
生气、愤怒：felt/get angry/,feel a surge of anger/rage/fury,eyes blaze,storm outof/into/off,storm/say , sth. makes sb. 's blood boil, sth. makes sb. angry,'s fists/teeth, sb. ' is up
3.转折：个人努力或借助外界
鼓起勇气：pluck up/take// up one's
毫不犹豫： even , delay, , a
4.转机：事情似乎有了转机，并抱有希望，感到欣慰
似乎：as if,,,seem
欣慰： a sigh of ,sigh with ,to one's .
5.失望：但是问题还未解决或出现了新问题:
徒劳:in vain, no use,
茫然:at a loss, at sea, , be lost in a fog
6.想法：突然有了一个想法（一句话说明这个想法）
occur to, hit, , flash into one's mind, crowd in one's mind, dawn on
7.结局：过段时间，事情有了最后的转折:
过了一段时间：not long, , long,for an /
令人惊讶的是:to one's ,
8.总结：点题，呼应前文
, echo, , in one's mind, down deep in one's heart
【高分素材之句式】
★情绪描写＆细节描写
哭：
1. A lump came to his .
2. Her eyes were red from .
3. Her eyes with tears.
4. Tears ///ran down her .
害怕：
1. She was too to tell her what had .
2. His heart was , as if he were .
3. Liza was so that she 't make a sound.
4. I bowed my head and dared not look at my 's face.
5. My brain is blank. I just want to leave this place.
高兴、激动：
1. When she knew. . .she felt /.
2. When she knew. . .her eyes with .
3. When she knew. . . her heart was with wild joy.
4. When she knew. . .a wild took hold of her.
5. …she felt a surge of .
伤心、痛苦：
1. A came over her.
2. Her heart ached, tears down her .
3. Numb with grief,she .
4. a surge of , she 't help .
5. her, she burst into tears.
生气、愤怒：
1. Sam stood to the spot, his eyes with anger.
2. He felt so angry that he out of the room, the door him.
3. with rage, he shook his fist at me.
4. with fury, she was to utter a word.
★转折：个人努力或借助外界
鼓起勇气：
1. He up his and a with his .
2. I up the to ask her for. .
毫不犹豫：
1. She could wait to. . .
2. / even ,he ran to. . .
★转机：事情似乎有了转机，并抱有希望，感到欣慰
1. It as if/that was to save us.
2. our tears of a of hope.
3. A wave of me. . .
4. A wave of over him. . .1.
★失望：但是问题还未解决或出现了新问题
1. But bad luck for me, I in my to her.
2. She her eyes in a vain to hold back the tears.
3. All our were in vain.
4. She kept , what to do next.
5. With tears down her face, she didn't know what to do next.
6. With tears down her face, she was of what to do next.
7. She was at a loss what to do.
8. He was in a about to do or not.
★想法：突然有了一个想法
1. It to him that…
2. It hit me that I had a .
3. A her that. . .
4. It that. . .
5. An idea /came to me that
6. A /idea /came Harry's mind.
★结局：过段时间，事情有了最后的转折
1. It didn't take long . . .
2. It took some time . . .
3. To my , it out that…
★总结：点题，呼应前文
直到·······意识到
倒装句：Not until+时间状语＋did sb./ that+从句
强调句：It was only+时间状语＋that sb. that+从句
还记得某人的话：
1. One's words /rang out in one's ears.
2. One's words/voice// in one's mind/head
3. One's head was still full of. . .
经历与教训
1. What a/an //great/ she me/I from her!
2. What a/an ///// I had!
3. Down deep inmy heart, it was an I had ever had.
